Defence Reservists have played an important part in Australian history, since early colonial days.
The Reserve pre-dates Federation, when each of the States (colonies at the time) maintained locally based naval and army militia. These forces served in the Sudan, in China during the Boxer Rebellion and in South Africa during the Boer War.
The modern Australian Army was drawn from this base at Federation on 1 January 1901, with the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force following some years later.
Volunteers participated in active service during World Wars I and II, with large numbers transferring into the permanent armed forces. At the end of hostilities, many seasoned veterans returned to the Reserve force, maintaining a pool of expertise and experience to be drawn on in a defence emergency.
In the years between the two World Wars, the Reserve maintained strong links with many community and State-based units. Since World War II, the role has changed gradually from separate Reserve units and formations with their own identities and roles, to a concept where permanent and Reserve personnel have combined to form a strong and viable force.
With Australia's regular Army not formed until 1948, the Reserve has been a fundamental part of the nation's defence policy.